Popanga makina, makampani opanga magalimoto, ndi zida zolemera kwambiri, kusankha zitsulo kumakhudza kwambiri momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito, moyo wautali, komanso chitetezo. 42Cr ndi 42CrMo ndi zitsulo ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri{2}}zotha kuchira. Ngakhale kuti mayina awo ndi ofanana, kusiyana kwa zinthu zazikuluzikulu za alloying kumabweretsa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa machitidwe ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito.
I. Basic Chemical Composition: Udindo Waukulu wa Molybdenum
42Cr ndi -carbon chromium alloy heat-zitsulo zotha ntchito. Kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi: kaboni (C) 0.38%-0.45%, chromium (Cr) 0.90% -1.20%, ndipo ilinso ndi silicon, manganese, ndi zina zochepa.
42CrMo, kumbali ina, imawonjezera makiyi a alloying element-molybdenum (Mo)-mpaka 42Cr, zomwe zili pakati pa 0.15% ndi 0.25%. Kuphatikizikako komwe kumawoneka ngati kakang'ono kumabweretsa kudumpha kwabwino pamachitidwe azinthu.
Ntchito zazikulu za molybdenum ndi:
1. Kutha kulimba kwambiri{1}}:Molybdenum imachedwetsa kwambiri kusintha kwa austerity kukhala pear lite ndi urbanite, kulola kuti magawo okulirapo azitha kupeza mawonekedwe ofananirako a martensite panthawi yozimitsa, ndikuwonetsetsa kulimba kwapakati.
2. Kuchepetsa mkwiyo:Chitsulo cha Chromium chimakonda kuwonongeka kosasinthika chikazizira pang'onopang'ono pambuyo potentha mumitundu iwiri ya kutentha: 250-400 digiri ndi 450-650 digirii , mwachitsanzo, kupsa mtima. Molybdenum ndiye chinthu chothandiza kwambiri popondereza izi (makamaka mtundu wachiwiri wa kupsa mtima kwamphamvu).
3. Kuwongolera mbewu, kukulitsa mphamvu ndi kulimba.
Chifukwa chake, kwenikweni, 42CrMo ndi yamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wachitsulo chopangidwa ndi aloyi.
II. Kuyerekeza kwa Zida Zamakina ndi Kuyankha kwa Chithandizo cha Kutentha
Chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa molybdenum, 42CrMo imawonetsa makina apamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi 42Cr pansi pa kutentha komweko.
Mphamvu ndi Kuuma:Pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha (kuzimitsa +{1}}kutentha kwambiri), mphamvu ya 42Cr nthawi zambiri imakhala 980-1180 MPa, ndipo mphamvu yotulutsa imakhala Yoposa kapena yofanana ndi 835 MPa. Mphamvu yamakokedwe ya 42CrMo imatha kufika ku 1080-1380 MPa, ndipo mphamvu zokolola zimakhala zazikulu kuposa kapena zofanana ndi 930 MPa, zomwe zikuyimira kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu pafupifupi 10% -20%.
Kulimba:Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa. Pamilingo yamphamvu yofananira, kulimba kwamphamvu (AKU value) kwa 42CrMo ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kwa 42Cr, makamaka m'magawo akuluakulu-odutsana kapena pakafunika kudalirika kwambiri. Molybdenum imalepheretsa kupsa mtima, kulola 42CrMo kuti ikhale yotentha kwambiri kuti ikhale yolimba popanda kudandaula za kutaya mphamvu kwambiri.
Limitsani-kuthekera:Kulimba-kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya 42CrMo (m'mimba mwake yomwe 50% martensite ingapezeke pakatikati) ndi yaikulu kwambiri kuposa 42Cr. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mafuta azimitsidwa, kulimba kwamphamvu-kwa 42Cr kumakhala pafupifupi 20-30mm, pamene 42CrMo imatha kufika 40-60mm kapena kupitirira apo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti popanga zigawo zazikuluzikulu, zolemetsa, 42CrMo imatha kutsimikizira kugwira ntchito kosasinthasintha pakati pa pachimake ndi pamwamba.
Zenera la Njira Yochizira Kutentha:Njira yochizira kutentha kwa 42CrMo ndi yotakata komanso yosavuta kuwongolera. Imakhala ndi kutentha kwapadera kozimitsira ndipo ilibe chidwi ndi liwiro loziziritsa, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuzimitsa ming'alu. Kuzizira kofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono pakatenthedwe-kutentha kwambiri sikumakhudza kulimba kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kulolerana kwambiri.
III. Magawo Omwe Amagwiritsira Ntchito
Ntchito za 42Cr:
Zoyenera kupanga magawo okhala ndi katundu wapakatikati, zopingasana ting'onoting'ono-tigawo, komanso zosafunikira-zolimba kwambiri. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo: ma shafts, magiya, ndi pisitoni ndodo zamakina; ndodo zolumikizira, theka-ma shaft, ndi ziwongolero zamagalimoto; ndi -zomangira zolinga ndi mapini. Kukwera mtengo kwake-kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yokondeka pamagawo ambiri.
Mapulogalamu a 42CrMo:
Zapangidwa makamaka kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimafuna katundu wolemetsa, zopingasana zazikulu-zigawo, ndi kudalirika kwakukulu. Ntchito zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo: ma shafts, magiya a gearbox, ndi ma axle amagalimoto olemera; kubowola zitoliro ndi zida zophera mafuta pobowola; zitsulo zazikulu ndi zida za gearbox za zida zamagetsi zamagetsi; ma crankshafts ndi ndodo zolumikizira zida zazikulu zopangira; ndi -maboti amphamvu kwambiri (giredi 10.9 ndi kupitilira apo). M'mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kukana kukhudzidwa kwamphamvu, kutopa, kapena malo ogwirira ntchito movutikira, 42CrMo ndi chisankho chotetezeka komanso chodalirika.
Mwachidule, 42Cr ndi 42CrMo zikuyimira magawo osiyanasiyana a momwe amagwirira ntchito{2}}Cr ndi "ntchito" yotsika mtengo komanso yothandiza, yomwe ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri zapakatikati; pamene 42CrMo ndi "mphamvu zapadera" zogwirira ntchito zovuta, zomwe zimapangidwira kuthana ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito zokhudzana ndi katundu wolemetsa, kukula kwakukulu, ndi kudalirika kwakukulu, chifukwa cha kulimba kwambiri{4}}kuphatikiza mphamvu ndi kulimba koperekedwa ndi molybdenum. Posankha zipangizo, mainjiniya akuyenera kupyola kufananitsa "mphamvu" kophweka ndikuwunika kuchokera kuzinthu zonse monga kupsinjika kwa gawo muutumiki, kusiyana-kusiyana kwa magawo, zotsatira za kulephera, ndi mtengo wa moyo wonse, kuti apange chisankho choyenera, chotetezeka, komanso chopanda ndalama zambiri. Pofunafuna zida zamakono{8}}zogwira ntchito komanso zodalirika, kumvetsetsa mwakuya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera-zida zogwirira ntchito ngati 42CrMo kwakhala imodzi mwamakiyi opititsa patsogolo kupikisana kwakukulu.
